Novavax (NASDAQ: NVAX) has taken investors on a roller coaster ride over the past week or so. The stock soared after the company settled a dispute with a big customer, then sank as it reported lower-than-expected earnings.

The vaccine maker has struggled to win over the investment community after entering the coronavirus vaccine market late with its initial vaccine -- and commercializing its updated vaccine after rivals this past fall.

The initial late entry meant Novavax missed out on the biggest revenue opportunity, and as a result, the company was forced to reconsider its cost structure. Management launched a cost-cutting plan last year, and on a bright note, the biotech is making progress there. In more positive news, the vaccine maker plans on launching a phase 3 trial this year for its combined coronavirus/flu vaccine, a product that could attract a significant number of users.

Today, Novavax trades at a fraction of its price a few years ago, and the company is advancing toward its goals. Does this make the stock a buy?

An alternative to mRNA vaccines

First, a bit of background on Novavax. The biotech competes in the coronavirus vaccine market with a product that's different from Pfizer's and Moderna's messenger RNA vaccines.

Novavax makes a protein subunit vaccine, based on a more traditional technology that's been used in other commercialized vaccines. So the product offers healthcare providers and people who want a vaccination an option besides the newer mRNA technology or if they had side effects from an earlier mRNA shot.

Novavax's clinical trials and its use in the real world have produced positive results, scoring another win for the company.

But the vaccine maker has faced one big problem: its speed to market. Novavax, entering the coronavirus treatment market behind rivals, lost out on the initial revenue opportunity -- the moment when everyone rushes to get vaccinated.

Today, with coronavirus vaccines becoming an annual routine, the good news is that Novavax has a renewed opportunity each fall to launch its updated vaccine at the same time as its rivals. If the company can take advantage, it should have a better chance of carving out market share.

Novavax's plan for vaccine season

In more good news, Novavax said in its recent earnings report that it has a plan to improve its performance during the next vaccine season. The goal is to enter the market in early September, the start of the vaccine season, in order to capture that first wave of vaccine demand.

The company also noted that most vaccinations last fall took place in retail pharmacies, so it has focused on ensuring its vaccine will be broadly available in those locations. It says it aims to offer it in a pre-filled syringe this fall, making it faster and easier to use. This could greatly appeal to pharmacies.